God jul!
Category: IT og teknologi
Hvorfor avisers iPad-udgaver flopper og altid vil floppe
Som Felix Salmon skriver på Reuters.com i anledning af Murdoch-imperiets store iPad-satsning The Daily og dens tidlige død:
When the iPad was first announced, there were lots of dreams about what it could achieve, and how rich its content could be. But in hindsight, it’s notable how many of the dreamers came from the world of print. Web people tended to be much less excited about the iPad than print people were, maybe because they knew they already had something better. The web, for instance, doesn’t need to traffic in discrete “issues” — if you subscribe to the New York Times, you can read any story you like, going back decades. Whereas if you subscribe to a publication on a tablet, you can read only one issue at a time.
When the iPad launched, it allowed people to do things they could never do with a print publication: watch videos, say. But at the same time the experience was still inferior to what you could get on the web, which iterates and improves incrementally every day. The iPad then stayed still — the technology behind iPad publications is basically the same as it was two years ago — even as the web, in its manner, predictably got better and better.
One of the things that confused me, when The Daily launched, was the way in which it failed to leverage the wealth of rich and valuable content available within News Corp. You couldn’t watch episodes of The Simpsons, you couldn’t get access to amazing footage from Avatar, you couldn’t read exclusive extracts from HarperCollins books. Murdoch was happy to spend a large eight-figure sum on building custom-made content for the new publication; he even shelled out for a Superbowl ad. But he never managed to use The Daily as a means of bringing his company’s already-existing content to life in new ways for a new platform, and I suspect that iPad constraints are part of the reason.
Fordi en låst, “kureret” platform i sidste ende aldrig vil kunne konkurrere med et helt åbent system, hvor alle kan lave mere eller mindre, hvad de har lyst til. Folk har ingen grund til at vælge den lukkede og begrænsede iPad-avis, når avisernes almindelige hjemmesider allerede har langt bedre tilbud.
Via Boing Boing.
Julepynt – the nerdy way
The Guardian Project – privatlivsbeskyttelse for smartphones
Det er oplagt, at mens smartphones er “smarte”, repræsenterer de et tilbageskridt for borgernes retssikkerhed og privatliv – udstyret med en sådan kan vi ganske enkelt overvåges og lokaliseres overalt, til hver en tid.
Dette er så meget mere ærgerligt, som en sådan håndholdt computer faktisk let kunne designes, så al dens kommunikation var anonym og krypteret – hvilket ville gør den til vores privatlivs måske ultimative værn.
Jeg har ikke set nærmere på det endnu, men The Guardian Project lader til at være et stort skridt i den helt rigtige retning:
While smartphones have been heralded as the coming of the next generation of communication and collaboration, they are a step backwards when it comes to personal security, anonymity and privacy. The Guardian Project aims to create easy to use apps, open-source firmware MODs, and customized, commercial mobile phones that can be used and deployed around the world, by any person looking to protect their communications and personal data from unjust intrusion and monitoring.
click to learn more about our mobile appsThe Android operating system created by Google provides an open-source, Linux-based foundation on which this project is building. From sleek, stylish smartphones to large format e-book readers, Android provides the most creative, functional and open platform on which to base this type of work.
The combination of Android and Guardian will create the most secure, trustworthy, mass market consumer smartphone solution for improving the privacy of our daily lives. Whether your are an average citizen looking to affirm your rights or an activist, journalist or humanitarian organization looking to safeguard your work in this age of global communication, Guardian can help address the threats you face.
Anonym browsing, krypteret kommunikation, og så videre. Så mangler vi bare at anonymisere kommunikationen med GSM (eller udvikle en fundamentalt anonym erstatning), og vi kan blive ved med at bruge smartphones uden at tænke mere på overvågning eller privatliv. Som det er i dag med iPhones og Googles mange “fortæl os hvem du er og hvor du er”-features, kan det hurtigt blive lidt bekymrende.
Tim Berners-Lee til kamp mod overvågning af Internettet
Den britiske regering synes, at efterretningstjenesten skal overvåge al internettrafik, herunder al privat trafik på alle sociale medier som Facebook, MSN og så videre.
Tim Berners-Lee, der opfandt World Wide Web og dermed nettet, som vi kender det i dag, mener, at en så total overvågning vil knuse enhver forestilling om menneskerettigheder. The Guardian skriver:
Tim Berners-Lee, who serves as an adviser to the government on how to make public data more accessible, says the extension of the state’s surveillance powers would be a “destruction of human rights” and would make a huge amount of highly intimate information vulnerable to theft or release by corrupt officials. In an interview with the Guardian, Berners-Lee said: “The amount of control you have over somebody if you can monitor internet activity is amazing.”You get to know every detail, you get to know, in a way, more intimate details about their life than any person that they talk to because often people will confide in the internet as they find their way through medical websites … or as an adolescent finds their way through a website about homosexuality, wondering what they are and whether they should talk to people about it.”
Tim Berners-Lee warns against web snooping bill Link to this audioThe British computer engineer, who devised the system that allows the creation of websites and links, said that of all the recent developments on the internet, it was moves by governments to control or spy on the internet that “keep me up most at night”.
The government ran into a storm of criticism earlier this month when it emerged that it was planning to allow GCHQ to monitor all communication on social media, Skype calls and email communication as well as logging every site visited by internet users in Britain.
Berners-Lee said: “The idea that we should routinely record information about people is obviously very dangerous. It means that there will be information around which could be stolen, which can be acquired through corrupt officials or corrupt operators, and [could be] used, for example, to blackmail people in the government or people in the military. We open ourselves out, if we store this information, to it being abused.”
He said that if the government believed it was essential to collect this kind of sensitive data about individuals, it would have to establish a “very strong independent body” which would be able to investigate every use of the surveillance powers to establish whether the target did pose a threat, and whether the intrusion had produced valuable evidence.
But he said that since the coalition had not spelled out an oversight regime, or how the data could be safely stored, “the most important thing to do is to stop the bill as it is at the moment”.
The intervention of the highly respected internet pioneer creates a headache for Theresa May, the home secretary, who has said she plans to press on with introducing the new measures after the Queen’s speech next month, despite concerns raised by senior Liberal Democrats. It will add to the woes of ministers mired in damaging battles over unpopular policy proposals on several fronts.
Berners-Lee was speaking to the Guardian as part of a week-long series on the battle for control of the internet, examining how states, companies and technological developments are challenging the principles of openness and universal access on which the net was built.
Berners-Lee has been an outspoken defender of the “open internet”, warning in 2010 that web freedom was under threat from the rise of social network “silos” such as Facebook, “closed world” apps such as those released by Apple, and governments’ attempts to monitor people’s online behaviour.
He said he remained concerned about the creation of “strong monopolies” but believed it was unlikely that internet giants such as Facebook and Google would enjoy their dominance indefinitely. “The battle lines are being drawn and things are in a huge state of flux, so it’s very difficult to tell, when you look at the world now, what it’s going to look like in a few months’ time.”
He said that throughout the history of the internet, people had been concerned about the emergence of apparently dominant giants, but they were vulnerable to smaller companies that could innovate more effectively.
In a coded reference to predictions that Facebook could in soon become, in effect, for most people, the internet, he recalled a “wise” colleague who pointed out more than 20 years ago: “It’s amazing how quickly people on the internet can pick something up, but it’s also amazing how quickly they can drop it.”
Link: Tim Berners-Lee urges government to stop the snooping bill
FSFE-Fellowship-gruppe i Aarhus – næste gang mandag d. 30. april
Mandag den 30. april mødes vi igen i Open Space Aarhus for at snakke om fri software og hvad der kan og skal gøres for at udbrede kendskabet til det her i Danmark.
Ved det sidste møde 26. marts holdt Ole Nielsby et spændende oplæg om brugerdrevet innovation og forskellige tilgange til softwareudvikling og hvad de betyder for fri software. Du kan læse mere om, hvad han sagde, i referatet.
Ved mødet i marts besluttede vi at gå ind i arbejdet med OSAAs Smart Aarhus-arbejdsgruppe, som også kommer til at handle om fri software. Det kommer til at tale mere om den 30. april. Du kan se den foreløbige dagsorden til mødet her:
- Goddag og velkommen
- Valg af dirigent og referent
- Indkomne forslag
- Smart Aarhus – den nye arbejdsgruppe
- Opfølgning fra sidste gang
- Free your Android
- Eventuelt
Hvis du gerne vil fælge gruppens arbejde, kan du tilmelde dig mailing-listen:
https://lists.fsfe.org/mailman/listinfo/aarhus
Møderne foregår som antydet i Open Space Aarhus, Bryggervej 30 i Risskov, og næste gang er mandag d. 30. april kl. 19.00.
Her er gruppens formål som først annonceret:
Møderne vil foregå i regi af Free Software Foundation Europe (FSFE), og de vil fungere som et regelmæssigt “Fellowship Meeting“, som det allerede foregår i 21 byer rundt omkring i Europa. Så hvis du allerede er Fellow i FSFE, er disse møder for dig. Hvis ikke, er de også for alle, som er interesserede i at mødes med arbejdet omkring fri software i Danmark.
Den nye arbejdsgruppes formål er:
- at arbejde for at udbrede kendskabet til fri software i Danmark
- at arbejde for at udbrede bevidstheden om værdierne bag fri software i Danmark
- at arbejde for at udbrede brugen af fri software i Danmark.
Hvis du selv har et emne, du gerne vil have taget op eller som du vil, at vi skal tale om, er du velkommen til at møde op og få det på dagsordenen. Du kan også bare gå ind på wiki-siden og selv sætte det på (du skal først oprette et login til FSFEs wiki, hvis ikke du har et i forvejen).
Kameraspotter
Hvis du har en Android-telefon, kan du ved at downloade og installere “Kamera Spotter” være med til at kortlægge alle overvågningskameraer i Danmark. Det fungerer nemt og enkelt:
Ingen ved med sikkerhed hvor mange overvågningskameraer, der hænger rundt omkring i Danmark, og hvor de befinder sig. Det laver Kamera Spotter-app’en om på. Med din iPhone eller Android-mobil kan du være med til at kortlægge videoovervågningen i det offentlige rum.
Når du spotter et overvågningskamera på gaden, åbner du app’en, og når GPS’en har lokaliseret din position, kan du tage et billede af overvågningskameraet, som derpå uploades til et kort på nettet. Med tiden bliver videoovervågningen derved kortlagt, så alle – både dem der overvåger, og dem der overvåges – kan blive klogere på overvågningens omfang.
Se også kortet på http://kameraspotter.information.dk/
Privatlivspolitik: http://kameraspotter.information.dk/privacy/
Dette er en idé, jeg selv ofte har tænt på og det glæder mig at se den ført ud i livet. Jeg har ikke prøvet app’en endnu og kan derfor ikke sige god for det tekniske, men det kan næppe vare længe.
Smart Aarhus-arbejdsgruppe om borgerindflydelse og Open Everything
Jeg er sammen med Jacob Toft Pedersen fra OSAA blevet formand for en arbejdsgruppe i Aarhus Kommunes “smart city”-projekt, som vil lægge vægt på borgernes muligheder for selv at skabe og få indflydelse på dagligdagens teknologi – herunder ikke mindst retten til at bruge fri software i enhver interaktion med det offentlige.
Gruppen hedder “Borgerdrevet innovation og Open Everything“. Der er tale om et samarbejde mellem OSAA, den nye arbejdsgruppe(FSFE Fellowship Group) om fri software og hvem, der end har lyst til at deltage på de præmisser, der afstikkes i oplægget.
OSAA har en wiki-side, hvor arbejdet koordineres, og det er ikke noget dårligt sted at starte, hvis du selv har lyst til at bidrage på den ene eller den anden måde.
I selve oplægget skriver vi bl.a.:
Hvis en teknologidrevet udvikling af Aarhus til en “smart” by skal føre til en by, der er bedre at leve i for borgerne, er det vigtigt, at borgerne selv kan blive en del af processen. Vi vil derfor forsøge at skabe måder, hvorpå borgere med både store og små tekniske forkundskaber selv kan være med til at forme og definere den teknologi, der kommer til at udgøre den nye og smarte by. Grundlæggende handler det om at finde måder, hvorpå man kan fremme den teknologiske skabertrang og give borgerne rum, hvor de kan udfolde sig. (…)
Man kan udvikle en sensorboks, der let kan kobles sammen med software og også gerne en web-platform, så grupper af brugere selv kan definere, hvad de ønsker at måle på og hvor og få dataene behandlet og præsenteret grafisk. Løsningen kan baseres på åben hardware og fri/open source software, så alle kan downloade både specifikationer og software, så de kan tilpasse dem til deres egne behov. (…)
Allerede i dag findes der over hele byen mængder af sensorer, som indsamler data, som aldrig bliver brugt. Disse data bør så vidt muligt gøres offentligt tilgængelige. Ved offentliggørelsen bør alle data gøres tilgængelige i et maskinlæsbart format defineret af en offentliggjort åben standard, så alle har mulighed for at skrive programmer, der udnytter og bearbejder dem. (…)
I den stærkt digitaliserede virkelighed, som der sigtes mod i fremtidens Aarhus, skal det stadig være muligt for den enkelte borger at styre de processer, der kører på vedkommendes egen computer eller smartphone. Al kommunikation med det offentlige bør derfor udformes ved hjælp af åbne standarder. Dette betyder, at det for den enkelte borger altid vil være muligt at kommunikere med myndighederne ved hjælp af fri/open source software, hvad enten kommunikationen foregår via en computer eller en smart phone. (…)
I lyset af disse temaer vil vi derfor arbejde med:
• Forslag til udvikling og design af en decentral sensorinfrastruktur, som borgere selv kan bruge til at opbygge teknologien til at indsamle de data, som interesserer dem.
• Workshops og demonstration af proof-of-concept for den hardware og software, der skal bruges til at skabe denne brugerdrevne infrastruktur.
• Udvikling af rammer og rum for borgernes teknologiske skabertrang, blandt andet gennem hackerspaces, hacklabs og udstillinger som maker fairs (teknologiske “gør-det-selv”-skuer).
• Rådgivning og vejledning i, hvordan borgerne i alle tilfælde kan udføre alle funktioner, der er vigtige for deres daglige interaktion med Aarhus Kommune og Aarhus som by, udelukkende ved hjælp af fri/open source software baseret på åbne standarder.
• Rådgivning og vejledning i, hvordan den moderne overvågnings- og kommunikationsteknologi kan fungere, så der stadig er fuld respekt for den enkeltes sikkerhed og privatliv.
Dette er spændende og vigtige emner, og hvis du har ideer og arbejdskraft, som du gerne vil bidrage med, er du velkommen til at henvende dig.
Link: Arbejdsgruppe: Borgerdrevet innovation og Open Everything
Richard Stallman vs. Chuck Norris
I den lette ende: Stallman facts. Richard Stallman er naturligvis ham der med det der …
- Richard Stallman’s beard is made of parentheses. # Votes: 35480977
- Richard Stallman never showers: he runs ‘make clean’. # Votes: 3587
- Richard Stallman can touch MC Hammer # Votes: 855
- Richard Stallman solved the travelling salesman problem by making everything free. # Votes: 602 Submited by bhrgunatha
- The R in RMS stands for RMS. # Votes: 406 Submited by imike
- rms’ facial hair is “free as in beard” # Votes: 349 Submited by thugbonnet
- When Richard Stallman gets pissed off he doesn’t swear, he recurses. # Votes: 322
- Vendor lock-in is when vendors lock themselves inside of a building out of fear of Richard Stallman’s wrath. # Votes: 248 Submited by yourself
- Richard Stallman is the only man alive who can pronounce GNU the way it is meant to be pronounced. # Votes: 238
- Richard Stallman compiled the first version of gcc with an hexadecimal editor. # Votes: 232 Submited by hexborg
- Richard Stallman programmed Chuck Norris # Votes: 229 Submited by Igor Azevedo
- Richard Stallman takes notes in binary. # Votes: 203
- Whenever Richard Stallman looks at a Windows computer, it segfaults. Whenever Richard Stallman doesn’t look at a Windows computer, it segfaults. # Votes: 199
- Richard Stallman discovered extra-terrestrial life but killed them because they used closed-source software. # Votes: 167
- Richard Stallman can write an anti-virus program that cures HIV. Too bad he never writes anti-virus programs. # Votes: 161 Submited by DacholaEtecoon
- Richard Stallman’s left and right hands are named “(” and “)” # Votes: 159
Previously:
Hvorfor tale om fri software og ikke om ‘open source’?
Til det første møde i vores arbejdsgruppe om fri software var der noget diskussion af, hvorfor det er bedre at tale om fri software end om “open source”, som er blevet en mere udbredt betegnelse.
Nu kunne jeg skrive en lang forklaring (og det har jeg også tidligere gjort), men FSFE har faktisk en side, hvor det forklares meget godt:
Free Software is often referred to as “Open Source.” This is a result of an attempt by the Open Source Initiative (OSI) to create a marketing campaign for Free Software.
The OSI set out to maintain the integrity of the movement and prevent abuse by proprietary vendors by introducing “Open Source” as a trademark for Free Software; but this initiative failed.
Examining the development of the Open Source Initiative after three years, it becomes apparent that the reasons to prefer the term Free Software have become even more true. Speaking of Free Software or the equivalent term in other languages offers many advantages, which we explain below.
“Free Software” is easier to understand
Although some people say that using the term “free” creates ambiguity, many languages have separate terms referring to freedom and price. In these languages, the term “free” is not ambiguous. It may be in others, including English, but in those misunderstandings can easily be avoided by pointing out that free refers to freedom, not price.
The terminology “Open Source” refers to having access to the source code. But access to the source code is only a precondition for two of the four freedoms that define Free Software. Many people do not understand that access to the source code alone is not enough. “Free Software” avoids catering to this relatively common misunderstanding.
Free Software is harder to abuse
Unfortunately many companies have started calling their products “Open Source” if at least some parts of the source code can be seen. Users buy this software believing they are purchasing something “as good as GNU/Linux” because it claims to follow the same principle.
We should not allow proprietary vendors to abuse people’s enthusiasm like this. Since the “Open Source” trademarking initiative failed, there is no way to prevent abuse of the term that becomes possible because of the aforementioned misunderstanding.
Free Software is well-defined
Experience in science and philosophy has shown that a good and clear definition is to be preferred.
The Free Software Definition of the Free Software Foundation with its four freedoms is the clearest definition existing today.
Free Software provides additional value
Unlike Open Source, Free Software provides more than just a technical model how to develop better software, it provides a philosophy. Companies can learn and profit from the philosophy and background of Free Software.
Free Software offers freedom
Free Software provides the freedoms to
- run the program, for any purpose.
- study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs.
- redistribute copies.
- improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits.
Because of these four freedoms, Free Software offers freedom to learn, freedom to teach, freedom of competition, freedom of speech and freedom of choice.
Freedom counts!